Abstract: Under the influence of the idea of "heaven and man" in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties, the aesthetic purpose, function and characteristics of refined music and popular music were "close but different". From the perspective of the differentiation process, the aesthetic pursuit of the "harmony of heaven and man" of refined music was different from that of the "happiness of heaven and man" of popular music, and the aesthetic subjects' choices of "divinity" or "humanity" were different, so the "orders of differing music" were completed in the differentiated scenes of "temples" and "the folks". From the perspective of confluence causes, refined and popular music were based on the identity of the feelings of heaven and man, and promoted the teaching of heaven and man with the help of aesthetic commonality, so as to realize the value unity of the beauty of heaven and man. Differentiation originated from the worship of "gods", while confluence witnessed the rise of "man".

Key words: "heaven and man", refined music, popular music, differentiation, confluence