巢湖学院学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 66-72+99.doi: 10.12152/j.issn.1672-2868.2024.05.009

• 文学与艺术 • 上一篇    下一篇

曹操《短歌行·对酒当歌》诗解辩

骆旭诚:北京师范大学 教育学部   

  1. 北京师范大学 教育学部,北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-01 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2025-03-05
  • 作者简介:骆旭诚(2001—),男,安徽芜湖人,北京师范大学教育学部硕士研究生,主要从事中国古代文学及语文教育研究。

An Alternative Interpretation of Cao Cao's Poem Short-Song Ballad: Singing to Wine

LUO Xu-cheng:Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University   

  1. Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
  • Received:2024-05-01 Online:2024-09-25 Published:2025-03-05

摘要: 宋元话本中的曹操形象与知人论世的批评视角使《短歌行·对酒当歌》被释为曹操求贤若渴与功业未成之作,这种阐释首先未注意到诗歌文本中的“互文性”,其次未意识到诗歌空间与现实空间的情感差异,最后忽略了儒学在东汉末年对贵族人格塑造的影响,文本内部的情感矛盾与张力由此被消解。《短歌行·对酒当歌》实质是曹操士大夫情结的展现,文本内部曹操对社会伦理结构的寻求以及现世“明君”缺位的失落,与文本外部组诗思想的一致性以及“游仙诗”的创作模式,皆彰显出曹操对于士大夫身份的追求。

关键词: 士大夫精神, 曹操, 《短歌行》, 组诗, 游仙诗

Abstract: Traditional interpretations of Cao Cao's Short-Song Ballad: Singing to Wine, influenced by his image in Song and Yuan narratives and a contextual criticism framework, often regard the poem as an expression of his yearning for talented individuals and frustration over unfulfilled ambitions. However, such readings fail to address three critical dimensions: first, the "intertextuality" embedded within the poem; second, the emotional divergence between the poetic and real -world spaces; and third, the impact of Confucian thought on shaping aristocratic personalities during the late Eastern Han Dynasty. These omissions dissolve the emotional contradictions and tensions within the text. Short-Song Ballad: Singing to Wine essentially reflects Cao Cao's attachment to the ethos of the scholar-official class. Internally, the poem conveys Cao Cao's pursuit of a stable social and ethical structure and his disillusionment with the absence of a "wise ruler" in the real world. Externally, the thematic coherence across the poem series and the influence of the "wandering immortal poetry" tradition highlight Cao Cao's aspiration for the scholar-official identity.

Key words: scholar-official spirit, Cao Cao, Short-Song Ballad, poem series, wandering immortal poetry

中图分类号: 

  • I207.22