巢湖学院学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (5): 118-126.doi: 10.12152/j.issn.1672-2868.2022.05.014

• 语言与文字 • 上一篇    下一篇

标句词“看”的句法分析

侯雨婷:北京语言大学 语言学系   

  1. 北京语言大学 语言学系,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-26 出版日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2022-12-17
  • 作者简介:侯雨婷(1997—),女,四川巴中人,北京语言大学语言学系硕士研究生,主要从事理论语言学、汉语句法学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金项目(项目编号:21BYY047)

Part of Speech Analysis of Kan

HOU Yu-ting:Department of Linguistics, Beijing Language and Culture University   

  1. Department of Linguistics, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing 100083
  • Received:2022-04-26 Online:2022-09-25 Published:2022-12-17

摘要: “看”是一个标句词,能够引导一个小句。它可以位于句中,也可以位于句末,位于句末是因为其引导的小句受口语省略的影响没有语音实现,但在意义解读的过程中,潜在的后续句能够被补充出来。这种省略会造成“看”在表面上比较像尝试助词,但其实它仍然是一个标句词。这种差异跟“看”在语法化过程中使用的语体环境有关,它是在口语使用的过程中逐渐发生的语法化,因而带有口语在使用上有省略的特点。文章将根据“看”所处的不同句法位置,寻找处在不同位置上的“看”在使用上的共性,进一步论证“看”的标句词用法。

关键词: “看”, 语法化, 助词, 标句词

Abstract: Kan "看" is a complementizer that can lead a clause. It can be located in a sentence or at the end of a sentence. It is located at the end of a sentence because the clause it leads has no phonetic realization due to oral omission, but in the process of meaning interpretation, potential subsequent sentences can be added. This omission causes Kan to look like a tentative auxiliary on the surface, but it is still a complementizer. This difference is related to the stylistic environment used in the grammaticalization process of Kan, which gradually occurs in the process of oral use, and thus has the characteristic of ellipsis in the use of oral language. According to the different syntactic positions of Kan, the paper will try to find out the common features in the use of kan in different positions, and further demonstrate the usage of Kan as a complementizer.

Key words: Kan "看", grammaticalization, auxiliary, complementizer

中图分类号: 

  • H043