During the War of Resistance against Japan, the New Fourth Army resolutely persisted in long-term resistance behind enemy lines, delivering heavy blows to reactionary forces such as the Japanese puppet regime, while also suffering significant casualties. Consequently, the ability to continuously and stably obtain logistics supplies and ensure the safety of officers and soldiers became critically important. The natural environment and the brutal war made the logistics support work of the New Fourth Army exceptionally challenging. Adapting to the war situation, the New Fourth Army employed flexible strategies, including sourcing from the enemy, self-sufficiency, and assistance from allies, to fulfill the troops’ needs in living necessities, ordnance, and medical care. These efforts effectively ensured the survival and combat capabilities of the troops, providing a solid foundation for the growth and success of the New Fourth Army and the ultimate victory in the War of Resistance against Japan. Summarizing these experiences offers valuable insights for advancing military and national strength in the new era.