After the outbreak of the Total Resistance War Against Japan, the eastern coastal areas were largely occupied and the industries in the southeast of China plunged. To meet wartime needs, the Wannan Industrial Company was established as a joint venture between the Economic Commission of the Third Theater and the head office of Anhui Local Bank. The company aimed to promote the development of small and medium-sized industries in the mainland and increase wartime production, thus establishing four factories for tanning, textile, paper, and match making. Under wartime conditions, the company operated with difficulty, but it ensured the smooth progress of its business by shifting its business strategies in a timely manner, implementing centralized procurement and sales of raw materials and products, promoting technological innovation and developing new raw materials, and adopting flexible and diverse production and operation modes. The establishment of the Wannan Industrial Company played an important role in meeting the basic needs of the public during the war and actively supported the War of Resistance Against Japan.