Since the ten-year ban on fishing in Chaohu Lake, the court applies the crime of illegal fishing of aquatic products to the perpetrators, which provides the criminal justice protection for the ecological environment of Chaohu Lake. However, as far as the criminal justice protection is concerned, due to the facts that the judges have not sufficiently understood the protection purpose of the crime of illegal fishing of aquatic products, the relationship between ecological restoration measures and criminal punishment has not been clarified, the scope of criminal responsibility is unclear, and the scope of application of ecological restoration measures is not clear, the ecological restoration measures have not been applied in the criminal justice protection of the ecological environment of the Chaohu Lake, resulting in insufficient criminal justice protection. Therefore, in the process of criminal justice protection of the Chaohu Lake, it is appropriate to continuously enhance the application of ecological restoration measures.