The existing Qing Dynasty Anqing land contract documents in Anqing archive and museum reflect the involvement of Qing Dynasty laws in land transactions in Anqing and demonstrate that Anqing land transactions in Qing Dynasty focused on honesty, relatives and friends, and the unity of rights and obligations. The existing Qing Dynasty Anqing land contract documents also reflect the features that the land transactions in Anqing and southern Anhui happened frequently, the degree of land ownership concentration was lower, and the influences of kinships on the land transactions were more profound. The research on the contract documents will help to reveal the actual situation of national law intervention in land transactions that happened in Anqing and southern Anhui. On this basis, with land transactions in Anqing area as the representative of land transactions in southern Anhui, can help reflect the real processes of land transactions in southern Anhui and explore the regional characteristics of land transactions which happened in southern Anhui.