Using case analysis and logical analysis, this paper deeply analyzes the theoretical basis and advantages and disadvantages of different operation modes of community fitness centers, and probes into the experience and lessons of the operation modes of community fitness centers in China. Through research and investigation, we reach conclusions and put forward the optimization path: Establishing incentive mechanism; optimizing the construction of incentive supporting mechanism; improving the court comprehensive evaluation and assessment mechanism; constructing and improving supervisory agencies; efficient management of regulatory content; diversified design of regulatory forms. The research has important contribution and practical significance to the design optimization and improvement of the operation mode of fitness centers in China, the improvement of national fitness infrastructure service system, the promotion of the construction of a sports power at the present stage, the promotion of the health development of the whole population and the strategic construction of healthy China.