At present, the overall situation of the cultivation of children's physical literacy in China is not optimistic. The academic community has not formed a unified understanding of the connotation of physical literacy, and mainly focuses on school sports. The research on the impact of family environment, especially parents, on children's physical literacy is fragmented, and the relevant research needs to be strengthened. In view of this, this paper discusses the connotation and constituent elements of physical literacy through literature research, and puts forward the research hypothesis of family intergenerational transmission of children's physical literacy: Physical literacy has intergenerational transmission effect; Family upbringing, parent-child relationship and economic conditions affect the effectiveness of intergenerational transmission. Through questionnaire survey and statistical analysis, it is found that physical literacy has a significant family intergenerational transmission effect; family upbringing style, parent-child relationship and family economic conditions affect the effectiveness of intergenerational transmission of physical literacy; Among the three factors, family upbringing style and parent-child relationship have a significant positive impact, while family economic conditions have no significant impact; parents' support for their children's sports participation has a destructive impact on the intergenerational transmission of physical literacy.