When the "All-Round Contract" of land in Xiaogang Village of Fengyang County kicked off China's rural reform, the development of commune-and brigade-run enterprises in Fengyang County has also become an important economic mode to receive surplus labor in rural areas and to realize diversified economy. In the process of studying the changes of commune-and brigade-run enterprises such as Daxihe Commune, Kaocheng Commune and Meishi Commune in Fengyang County, this paper compares the development status of commune-and brigade-run enterprises before and after the "All-Round Contract", analyzes the reasons for the rapid development of communeand brigade-run enterprises after the "All-Round Contract" and the great changes to farmers' lives brought by the development of commune-and brigade-run enterprises, thus revealing the important contributions of commune-and brigade-run enterprises in promoting rural economic development, promoting farmers' wealth and changing rural economic structure. At the same time, by comparing them with the rapid-developing township enterprises along the southeast coast, this paper concludes the lessons from commune-and brigade-run enterprises' shift from prosperity to decline, so as to provide inspirations for China's building beautiful villages and realizing rural revitalization in the new era.