This article draws on Bourdieu's theory of field of literary production and discusses the concept and practice of drama during the New Culture Movement, so as to read the historical scene comprehensively and avoid the ignorance of facts due to limited vision. By combing through the interaction between drama debates and reality before and after the New Culture Movement, this article can help understand the interpretation logic of the secondary field of drama production during the period: struggling and occupying positions in the field based on political ideals, which involves resistance against economic capital. The surrender of the old drama and the civilized new drama to economic capital is no longer suitable for the social responsibility that the secondary field of drama production is required to shoulder. Therefore, the drama dispute and the generation of modern drama show a different feature, which stems from the tense relationship in the social field and the consensus on the social function of drama.