In recent years, the overall physical condition of adolescents in China is not optimistic. To improve the physical health of adolescents has become a core issue concerned by relevant government departments. Using literature review method and logical analysis method, this paper studies the construction of sports promotion system for adolescents' physical health. It is concluded that family sports environment, school sports environment and community sports environment are three important factors that affect the physical health of adolescents. The main approaches to build the sports promotion system for the physical health of adolescents are: to build a sports promotion platform integrating school, family and community; to realize the integration of "school sports, family sports and community sports"; to establish a sharing mechanism of site facilities.