Chinese single sentence patterns are divided into subject-predicate sentences and non-subject-predicate sentences. The division has sufficient scientific and practical basis. Non-subject-predicate sentence is a sentence without a subject-predicate pattern, and its attribute is not entirely predicate. When we classify a lower class of a non-subject-predicate sentence, we should adhere to the standard of syntactic structure and name it according to the first level's structural relation. The semantic direction of a non-subject-predicate sentence is different from that of a subject-predicate sentence. The semantic object of a certain component in a sentence may be inside or outside the sentence. The topic of a non-subject-predicate sentence may exist outside the sentence, but the focus of the sentence can only be in the sentence.