By analyzing the current situation of the regional economic development of the Silk Road Economic Belt in Shaanxi province, this paper expounds the theoretical basis and practical relevance of technological innovation and industrial cooperation. Based on the time series data from 2009 to 2018, such as R&D expenditure, the number of scientific and technological personnel and the contribution value of three industries, the relationship between technological innovation and industrial cooperation is empirically analyzed by using the grey relational model. The results show that there is a high correlation between technological innovation and industrial cooperation, that is,technological innovation plays a significant role in promoting industrial cooperation. However, there are some problems in the Silk Road Economic Belt of Shaanxi Province, such as insufficient investment in R&D and low agglomeration effect, resulting in poor industrial cooperation level. On the basis of theory and reality, this paper finally puts forward some suggestions on technological innovation planning and industrial cooperation planning of the Silk Road Economic Belt.