Technology spillover from developed countries is an important way to realize the upgrading of industrial structure in the trend of economic globalization. Based on the panel data of 16 prefecture-level cities in Anhui Province from 2008 to 2017, this paper examines the impact of technology spillover from foreign direct investment on industrial structure under government intervention. The results show that, on the whole, foreign capital technology spillover has a positive impact on the upgrading of industrial structure, but with the accession of government behavior, foreign capital technology spillover has a hindering effect on industrial structure. Moreover,the hindrance effect varies in different areas with different degrees of economic development, which is closely related to the government忆s financial bias policy and industrial guidance policy. Finally, in view of this phenomenon, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.