构建区域创新生态系统已成为实现区域协同创新发展以及提升国家创新能力的关键战略。为此，基于创新生态观，选择我国31个省市自治区作为案例研究对象，并结合NCA和QCA两种方法，从组态视角分析我国区域创新生态系统与区域创新绩效的关系。研究发现，完备的技术创新主体网络是驱动区域高创新绩效的必要条件；存在“知识创新主体-均衡型”“技术创新主体-均衡型”“协同共生-均衡型”3条区域高创新绩效的驱动路径，存在5条区域非高创新绩效的驱动路径，且存在非对称关系；在一定条件下，各创新主体之间以及创新主体与市场环境之间均存在替代关系。研究能够为优化区域创新布局、打造区域经济增长极、探讨什么样的区域创新生 态系统才能更有效提升区域创新绩效，以及不同城市实现高质量发展提供一些引领性建议和可能性举措。

Constructing a regional innovation ecosystem has become a pivotal strategy for achieving regional collaborative innovation and bolstering national innovation capacities. This study, grounded in the perspective of innovation ecology, selects 31 provinces and cities in China as case study subjects. By integrating Necessary Condition Analysis （NCA） and Qualitative Comparative Analysis （QCA）, it examines the relationship between the regional innovation ecosystems and regional innovation performance from a configurational perspective. The findings reveal that: A comprehensive network of technological innovation entities is a necessary condition for driving high regional innovation performance; There are three pathways to achieving high regional innovation performance: "Knowledge Innovation Entity–Balanced Type", "Technological Innovation Entity–Balanced Type", and "Collaborative Symbiosis–Balanced Type", and five pathways leading to non-high regional innovation performance, with an asymmetric relationship between them; Under certain conditions, there exists a substitution relationship among innovation entities, and between innovation entities and the market environment. Furthermore, this study provides strategic insights and potential measures for optimizing regional innovation layouts, creating regional economic growth poles, and exploring the types of regional innovation ecosystems that can more effectively enhance regional innovation performance, thereby facilitating high-quality development in different cities.