城市新移民群体社会融合过程中的身份认同问题事关社会稳定与发展，在媒介化社会背景下探索该群体身份认同的影响因素、过程和机制具有重要意义。研究运用长三角地区四座城市的问卷调查数据，使用结构方程模型探索城市新移民新媒体使用及其经过心理资本、社会距离两个中介因素影响其本地人身份认同的关系路径。结果表明：城市新移民的新媒体使用程度能够提升心理资本水平、缩小与本地居民的社会距离，与本地居民社会距离的缩小能够增进本地人身份认同；新媒体使用程度虽然不能对城市新移民的本地人身份认同产生直接影响，但能够以社会距离为中介、以心理资本-社会距离为链式中介间接影响身份认同。这一机制的揭示有助于启发城市新移民利用新媒体进行自我赋权，也能够为社区利用新媒体建设有利于该群体社会融入的平台提供决策参考。

The issue of identity recognition in the social integration process of urban new immigrants is related to social stability and development. It is of great significance to explore the influencing factors, process, and mechanism of this group's identity recognition in the context of a media society. This study uses questionnaire survey data from four cities in the Yangtze River Delta region and employs a structural equation model to investigate urban new immigrants' use of new media and explore the relationship path of its impact on their local identity recognition through the two mediating factors of psychological capital and social distance. The results show that the degree of new media use by urban new immigrants can enhance their psychological capital and reduce their social distance with local residents, and the reduction of social distance with local residents can enhance their local identity recognition. Although the degree of new media use cannot directly affect the local identity recognition of urban new immigrants, it can indirectly affect their identity recognition with social distance as a mediator and psychological capital—social distance as a chain mediator. The revelation of this mechanism can help inspire urban new immigrants to empower themselves through the use of new media, and can also provide reference for communities to use new media to build platforms conducive to the social integration of this group.