盖恩斯在《刑前一课》中，以对话的形式使每一个人物都有权表达自己的观点，使处在边缘处境中的黑人逐渐意识并确立自己的主体性，这也是巴赫金“复调意识”的主要表现。因此。本研究将“刑前一课”置于复调理论下来解读该作品中大型对话和微型对话等对话形式，探讨对话背后所体现的边缘性问题，揭示作者对于边缘性的积极认知。

In A Lesson Before Dying, Gaines makes every character speak for themselves through dialogues, which enables blacks in the marginality to realize and establish their subjectivity. It is also a key concept of Bakhtin's polyphonic consciousness. This paper, therefore, would use polyphonic theory to analyze large-scale dialogue and micro dialogue in A Lesson Before Dying, discussing the marginality behind the dialogues and disclosing author's positive attitudes to the marginality.