在凤阳县小岗村土地“大包干”开启中国农村改革序幕的同时，凤阳县社队企业的发展也成为农村转移剩余劳动力实现多种经营的重要经济方式。在研究凤阳县大溪河公社、考城公社、梅市公社等社队企业变迁过程中，对比“大包干”前后社队企业的发展状况，分析“大包干”后社队企业快速发展的原因和社队企业发展为农民生活带来的巨大变化，由此揭示出社队企业在促进农村经济发展、推动农民富裕、改变农村经济结构中的重要贡献。同时，通过与东南沿海乡镇企业快速发展的对比，探究社队企业由兴转衰的经验教训，从而为我国新时代建设美丽乡村、实现乡村振兴提供诸多有益启示。

When the "All-Round Contract" of land in Xiaogang Village of Fengyang County kicked off China's rural reform, the development of commune-and brigade-run enterprises in Fengyang County has also become an important economic mode to receive surplus labor in rural areas and to realize diversified economy. In the process of studying the changes of commune-and brigade-run enterprises such as Daxihe Commune, Kaocheng Commune and Meishi Commune in Fengyang County, this paper compares the development status of commune-and brigade-run enterprises before and after the "All-Round Contract", analyzes the reasons for the rapid development of communeand brigade-run enterprises after the "All-Round Contract" and the great changes to farmers' lives brought by the development of commune-and brigade-run enterprises, thus revealing the important contributions of commune-and brigade-run enterprises in promoting rural economic development, promoting farmers' wealth and changing rural economic structure. At the same time, by comparing them with the rapid-developing township enterprises along the southeast coast, this paper concludes the lessons from commune-and brigade-run enterprises' shift from prosperity to decline, so as to provide inspirations for China's building beautiful villages and realizing rural revitalization in the new era.