基于 SBM-DEA 和 Malmquist 模型，对 2009—2018 年皖南国际文化旅游示范区的旅游效率和 Malmquist 生产率指数进行测算，并借助 ArcGIS 分析平台，研究城市旅游发展效率的时空演化特征。研究发现：在时间维度上，旅游效率年平均值呈波动上升趋势，各城市间差异较小且不断缩小；大多数地市存在旅游 “高投入，低产出” 的问题。从分解后 Malmquist 来看，技术进步对全要素生产率具有一定的提高作用。在空间维度上，旅游效率呈现以 “池州—黄山” 为核心的内心圈层结构，且中心城市具有一定的空间 “溢出效应”；旅游效率和 Malmquist 指数的重心均呈 “东—西” 交替迁移。基于此提出优化旅游资源配置效率的建议，以期为皖南国际文化旅游示范区旅游业持续、集约发展提供参考。
Based on the SBM-DEA and Malmquist models, the tourism efficiency and Malmquist productivity index of International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Area in Southern Anhui Province in 2009—2018 were measured, and with the ArcGIS analysis platform, the temporal-spatial evolution characteristics of urban tourism development efficiency were studied. The study found that in the time dimension, the annual average of tourism efficiency fluctuated, and the gap between cities was small and shrinking; most cities had the problem of "high input and low output". From the perspective of Malmquist after decomposition, technological progress has a certain effect on the improvement of total factor productivity. In the spatial dimension, tourism efficiency presents the inner circle structure with "Chizhou-Huangshan" as the core, and the central city has a certain space "spill effect"; the tourism efficiency and the center of gravity of the Malmquist index are alternately "east-west" . Based on this, suggestions for optimizing the efficiency of tourism resource allocation are put forward, providing reference for the continuous and intensive development of International Cultural Tourism Demonstration Area in Southern Anhui Province.
